Diarrhea is a condition when a person bowel movement with the consistency of mushy or liquid can even in the form of water only and the frequency is more often, usually three times or more in one day.
The cause of the diarrhea clinically can dikelempokkan into 6 major categories, namely infection (caused by bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections), malabsorption, allergies, poisoning, immunodeficiencies, and other causes. However, the causes of diarrhea are most often found in the field or in clinical is diarrhea caused by infection and intoxication.
Types of diarrhea there are two kinds:
Acute diarrhea, diarrhea that lasts less than 14 days.
Diarrhea chronic (persistent diarrhea), is diarrhea lasting more than 14 days.
If our children get diarrhea, then it must be extra vigilant against the occurrence of dehydration. Dehydration is a condition when the body lack of fluids. Infants and children are more easily to experience a loss of fluid.
Dehydration is divided into three degrees in the handling of cases of diarrhea and dehydration.
Diarrhea without dehydration
Diarrhea with dehydration is mild or moderate.
Diarrhea with severe dehydration.
How to prevent diarrhea in children.
Exclusive BREASTFEEDING for 6 months and continued till 2 years of age. Baby get ASIX proven to be rarely affected by diarrhea because it has a defense system better digestion.
Give complementary foods according to age and keep higienisitas during preparation. Wash the food material of the child and the family before it is processed and cook until done.
Wash your hands with soap and water before eating and after defecation the water is great and the time will come in contact with the baby.
Dispose of feces the baby correctly.
Provide immunization rotavirus and measles.
How to prevent dehydration before the child was taken to the doctor or the health is to give ors. If not available, then give the household liquids such as plain boiled water, vegetable soup, or fruit juice. The principle is to give fluids to the child more often and a lot more.
The current Indonesian government has a program to resolve the diarrhea in children. The Program named Cross Diarrhea (Five Steps Complete the Diarrhea). Here are the steps that I quoted from the Book Pocket of the Officer of Health issued by the Director general of the Control and Environmental Health, Moh RI in 2011.
Five Steps Complete Diarrhea
Give More Fluids than usual
It is useful to prevent the occurrence of dehydration. For the baby breast MILK, give breast MILK more often and longer while for baby non-breast MILK followed by administration of milk commonly taken and ors or liquid household as additional, for example boiled water.
The principle is to give as much fluid as possible at the time of child diarrhea. Ors can be given until the diarrhea stops. If vomiting, wait 10 minutes and continue giving little by little.
#IMPORTANT
Ors for children aged less than 1 year to as much as 50-100 ml after each CHAPTER
Ors for children aged more than 1 year to as much as 100-200 ml after each CHAPTER
Give Zinc Supplements
Provision of zinc supplements for 10 consecutive days even if diarrhea has stopped. It aims to improve the endurance of the possibility of recurrent diarrhea within the next 2-3 months. Tablet zinc is a micronutrient which is important for the child because when your child has diarrhea definitely a lot of loss of the mineral zinc. Argument that the underlying children's diarrhea requires the replacement of the needs of zink. In addition, the mineral zinc helps the healing process of diarrhea. Tablets zinc can be given by way of chewed or dissolved in 1 tablespoon of boiled water or breast MILK.
IMPORTANT
Provision of zinc supplements to children aged less than 6 months as much as 10 mg (1/2 tablet) per day.
Provision of zinc supplements to children aged over 6 months as much as 20 mg (1 tablet) per day
Give Food Preventing Malnutrition
Appetite child is diarrhea will usually diminished. But don't need to be forced. Stay give to eat that fits with the age of the child and the same menu when child is healthy. Mother can add 1-2 teaspoons of vegetable oil into a portion of feed the children as an additional source of fat.
Also give food rich in potassium, such as sari fresh berries, and bananas. Give food with a frequency more often than usual and portions a little smaller (every 3-4 hours once). After diarrhea stops, give the same food and supplements for 2 weeks. As for the baby trying to get under 6 months and suffer from diarrhea, then proceed with giving ASI exclusive at and it's all baby.
Give Antibiotics If There Is Any Indication
Antibiotics are given if there are indications of bacterial infection, for example dysentery amoebic or basiler and cholera.
Give Information when to get to the doctor or hospital to the parents or nanny.
The mother was able to promptly bring the child back to the doctor or to the nearest hospital if the CHAPTER melt more often (more than 10 times per day), repeated vomiting, the child becomes very thirsty, ate and drank very little, defecate accompanied by blood, as well as doesn't show signs of feeling better in 3 days.
hopefully useful